Jump Shot In Handball

Jump Shot In Handb all in allThe bulge out sapidity is one of the most most-valuable elements of hand world as in the game, motor behaviour atomic number 18 performed in specific conditions with the presence of players of the opposing team and sequence adhering to the regulations. merely which areas arsehole be controlled and are used to make the handball perform more(prenominal) efficient? Thus we ordain look into the jump scissure in which handball is analyzed in its antithetical manikins to find out its beat back.The remainders of the direct, jump, swank are ball pep pill and accuracy. Maximum ball amphetamine and precision is compulsory to minimize the chance of the opponent or goal steward intercepting the shot. In team handball, pullulateing to score goals is one of the most important aspects of the game. In dress for a shot to be successful, it must set out maximum ball velocity and precision for an element of surprise for the goaltender (Wagner M uller, 2008). Wagner, Buchecker, Duvillard, and Mulller (2010) state that 67% of ball velocity at ball vent-hole was explained by the summation effects from the velocity of cubitus joint extension and intragroup rotation of the shoulder. Thus we divide them into Approach, Take-off, Shoot, Land.Logically speaking, the faster the ball is nonplus at the goal the goalkeeper testament have a lesser clip to save the shot. In order for a mold to be successful, the highest velocity at ball release together with aiming accuracy is required thus during the game, thus the jock has to keep up with the optimal efficiency of these two factors (Za voxidis, Gouvali, Bayios, Boudolos, 2007). Accuracy is something defined as variable. We didnt want to make it make a close-system where the give in keeps hitting at the same spot. Thus in the analyzing work stage, we came out with a table to judge the subordinate throwing strong point in performing the skill. Zapartidis, Toganidis, Vare ltzis, Christodoulidis, Kororos, and Skoufas (2009) reported that players during the game are nonably stirred by time as aiming accuracy or ball velocity gradually decrease.In all sports tasks, most coaches apply ogdoad biomechanical principles when analyzing their athletes (Bartlett, 2007). These eight principles commode be separated into two broad categories. The 3 raw material universal principles use of the stretch-shortening cycle, minimisation of energy used, control degrees of freedom. The other 5 general principles sequential action of muscles, minimization of inertia, impulse generation, maximizing the quickening path, stableness. These apply to sports tasks which are usually used by look sharp generation.However not all of the principles can be used to apply in every sport. For example, the stability is a one of the biomechanical principle which is applicable to sumo wrestling. Whereas it is not applicable in the game of handball, as there is a lesser emphasis on ha ving a wide base of support for stability when preparing for a shot (Knudson, 2007).In handball, the biomechanical principles that can be applied are use of the stretch-shortening cycle, minimization of energy used, control degrees of freedom, sequential action of muscles, minimization of inertia, impulse generation and maximizing the acceleration path.The recruitment of each part of the body is important by allowing the development of maximal velocity of these parts. This begins from the proximal parts then to the distal parts of the body. The larger proximal join starts the action by accelerating, thus a transfer of momentum results in a high velocity to the smaller distal joints. Each segments of the energising chain is linked to the s slide bypage of the proximal part results in the increment of angular velocity (Pori, Bon, Sibila, 2005).When performing the shot, certain physiological characteristics are outcomen into considerations. hence, at least for some muscular grou ps there should be the shortest practical time between extension and contraction for muscles involved in this phase (Pori et al., 2005). Pori et al. (2005) concluded that give way players make use of extensors in the wrist better than worse players.Components of Skill1. Approach ( amass)PhysiqueWe assume there will be significant differences to the speed of ball release in our goal of skill regarding to body point and body weight between handball players of different performance levels (Hasan, Reilly, Cable, Ramadan, 2007). Are tall athletes better than shorter ones? Thus we have physique. Taller handball players with great body weight have the ability to achieve a higher(prenominal) ball release speed (Wagner et al., 2010).Maximizing acceleration path is a critical factorUsing the work-energy relationship which shows that a moving reject is equals to work done. This is important for the handballer maximizing use of the unfold-up which to apply force (Bartlett, 2007). Using t he formula Velocity/Time Acceleration for an increase in velocity, acceleration also increases.2. Take-off ContactMaximize force generation is a critical factorThis is where the incline, Speed, Height of Jump comes. Further increase in speed at name-off is required by generating more impulse sightly at take-off. Using the impulse-momentum relationship where change of momentum, I=Ft, increased in I= increased Force exerted on the kingdom multiply by increased Time of force. From an increased in F we have F=Mass of the athlete multiply by increasing Acceleration of the athlete. This proceeding requires being fast and powerful at take-off.4. ShootSequence of frame joint and muscle group in throwBall velocity at ball release was explained by the summation effects from order of the proximal parts to the distal parts of the body (Wagner et al., 2010).High release point is a critical factorA high elbow release point needed to generate much velocity. The time of the take-off get acro ss would point to fast and elastic strength of the root word and indirectly contact the height of a throw and ball velocity.5. LandContact with the ground is a critical factorDecreased force over a period of time by bending knees when landing to reduce the think of impact force which also can prevent further injury. settled Model Run, Jump, ShootFigure 1Important considerations for videotaping the skillThe points downstairs have been well thought-out to minimize errors recorded during two-dimensional filming, thus improve the accuracy of all data (Bartlett, 2007). Perspective and parallax errors were paid carefully attendance to.1) Position of tv cameraThe camera is mounted on a stock-still tripod, on a level ground and aiming at the subject. The camera is positioned as far away from the action in order to reduce billet error. The field of view (FOV) is adjusted to match with the performance of the subjects which as is recorded. As this take advantage of the performer on th e projected image and increases the accuracy of digitizing. Once the FOV is in place and it is kept constant at all time. The camera is placed perpendicular to capture the movement of the subjects, horizontal photographic plate of 7m and vertical reference from the goal post. The set-up is shown below, Figure 2.Figure 2A line was marked out 7 meters from the goalpost and subject use the take off area as point of jump. The camera was place 10 meters perpendicular to the take off area.2) LightingFilming is done outdoors, a location with a dull and non-reflective background was use to allow the athlete and the ball to standout. This will make it easier to assess the movement patterns and biomechanics of the jump shot. In contrast, if the background or backdrop was to be also bright, the athlete would be hard to spot.3) BackgroundThe background is as neat as possible, round-eyed and non-reflective as it put ups a good contrast which allows the viewing and estimating of the axes of r otation from the subjects anatomic landmarks.4) Shutter SpeedA shutter speed of 1/2000 was selected as this shutter speed would allow for slow movement playback and ease the motion analytic thinking process. Using a lower shutter speed would curtilage blurriness when the video is playback, while a higher shutter speed comes with a decrease in image quality, thus making analysis impossible.5) Subject PreparationThe recording of the movement is as unpretentious as possible. The subject is briefed that he is performing in front of a camera in an experimental perspective and had little clothing to minimize errors in locating body landmarks. A verbal consent is obtained from the athlete participate in the analysis. The subject was told to throw the ball as fast as possible into the net for the initial 4 shots. After which, he was addicted coach cues to invent his proficiency and delivery of the skill.Results of the Videotaping SessionThe male subject is a national basketball play er who trains 5 times a week (Height-189 cm body mass 82kg age 24 geezerhood old). He does not have prior experience to playing handball therefore is a suitable candidate. In order to evaluate the over encircle throwing performance, according to the International Handball Federation, (IHF), rules of the game a standard handball was used (Circumference 58-60cm and tip 425-475g, IHF Size 3, for Men and Male Youth (over age 16). The subject was told to throw as fast as possible no coaching cues were given over for the first 4 shots. Therefore we came up an evaluation of the quality of the accomplishment skill for the subject in dining table 3.Table 3 mansionRun-upTake-OffShootLand3Optimal speed of stones throw and synchronized lowering of CG, achievement is smooth, in cadencedPlanting of parody thole accurately, take-off is vertical, explosivenessThe elbow is high and moving along height of the head, correct use of sequential muscle groups into the throw, explosive finishing Land on take-off subdivision or on both legs simultaneously with knees bend2Fairly too short or too long stride, Execution still fluent, in cadencedPlacement of takeoff leg preferably far from the goal, take-off going a little too forwardThe elbow still moving low, technique of execution betterAverage execution, with delicate unbalance1Lack of speed, hasty lowering of CG, not in cadenced, poor execution, execution is poorPlacement of takeoff leg is too far from the goal, take-off oriented too forward, lack of explosivenessPlacement of takeoff leg is significantly away from the goal, take-off directed markedly forwardLand on non-take- off leg, poor executionLegend CG centre of gravity cicatrix 1 paltry, 2 Average, 3 sizeableAs for the first 4 jumps shots, the subject attainted 10.6 0.2 m/sec for the ball velocity at release. The spare-time activity are the results of the first 4 jump shots, Table 4.Table 4AttemptRun-upTake-OffShootLandTotal clear121115212126321216421317A ttempts to give too many cues to the subject will paralyze the subject. After letting him explore the jump shot on the initial 4 shots, this time the subject was then told to aim for the top right hand corner of the goalpost, using the jump shot technique. We gave him coaching cues to correct his technique starting from the run-up phrase, take-off, shoot and then hint to landing phrase, Table 5.Table 5Critical Features coaching CuesRun-upTake a long third stepTake-offExplosiveness- suck up vertical heightOptimize height of releaseRelease at the topAngle of releaseDraw a semi circleSummation of forcesSmooth-jump and shootRotation of ballFlip wristLandBend kneesThe liveing(a) are the results of the jump shots with coaching cues given to him in Table 6. The subject attainted an improved 12.6 0.4 m/sec for the ball velocity at release.Table 6AttemptRun-upTake-OffShootLandTotal Score52231863322107232298333312Qualitatively analysisEvaluation of performanceAfter taking the video for th e running jump shot, we compare it to a elite athlete jump shot. There are a hardly a(prenominal) features which are important in the sequence, the run up (3 steps), the jump and the throw.The run upThe 3 steps run up will provide the athlete impulse for the jump shot. As impulse = change in momentum (Blazevich, 2007).F.t = m.v m.uMomentum is the quantity of motion possessed by the body. Therefore a run up is important in this aspect. After assessment, we nominate out that the subject did a 1 step run up which did not create enough impulse. Therefore the rating is poor -good for the run upCritical Features RatingThe run up Poor1 step run upThe jumpThe height of the jump is pertinacious by a few factors, the weight of the athlete and the acceleration.F = maThe reason for the bending of the knees for a higher jump is that the time it takes for the athletes to add the floor (Muller, 2009).v = u + atVavg = s/t accept the jump height is the same, the less time, he takes to jump the same distance, the more velocity the person create, the higher the person will go. By spotting the quadriceps, will stretch the tendon, by doing this, it is possible to jump higher. The assessment for the subject is poor-good as he did not bend his knee, and straighten his leg by and by that.Critical Feature RatingBend Knees Poor-GoodStraighten leg PoorBend Knee? Straighten leg?The throwThe speed of the throw is determined by the speed difference and the time it take for the ball to leave the hand. It is similar to the theory of the jump, where the more distance and less time you take the faster the ball will travel. The difference is that there is a twist to the body therefore there is an angular motion to it.= (f f)/t = /tSince the mass of the ball is the constant. The only factor that can influence the amount of force being exacted on it is acceleration.T = I (angular)Critical Features RatingThe pull back Poor GoodThe preserve finished Poor GoodPull back? Follow through with(predicate)Correcting the performanceThe whole sequence of the running throw will be broken to parts to teach the subject.Critical FeaturesRatingPictureRemarks / StrategiesCoaching CuesThe run upPoorThe run up will be done in 3 steps, the subject will attempt to take 3 wide steps to gain speed.Wide Stepto a greater extent ForceBend KneesPoor GoodThe subject will jump on the spot, with the knees bend before the jump.Squat moreStraighten legPoorThe subject will jump and straighten the leg to gain more height.ExplodeStretchThe pull backPoor GoodThe subject will try to shoot with the jump. By pulling the tree branch further back.Arc backRoll ShoulderThe follow throughPoor GoodWith the pull back, the subject will attempt the follow through with the same action.Follow throughSwing arm preachingThere are mainly two factors in shooting technique of handball, the first is speed ball velocity of shoot, and the second factor is that no clear prediction of direction to shoot for goal ke eper. This approach gives a good evaluation on the kinematic structure in analyzing handball. Thus, this model can be used in detecting the efficiency of the jump shot. An testing of individuals information and its comparison with the model allow us to identify impuissance in the execution of jump shot. The use of biomechanical analysis maybe useful in correcting or perfecting techniques, however the efficiency of the player in a game does not depend solely on performing a perfect kinematics structure during an isolated testing environment.